Crystallization Behavior of Pebax-Graphene Composite Matrix with and without Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Assisted Polymer Processing Technique

Karode, Nireeksha and Poudel, Anup and Fitzhenry, Laurence and Matthews, Siobhán and Redington, Wynette and Walsh, Philip and Coffey, Austin (2018) Crystallization Behavior of Pebax-Graphene Composite Matrix with and without Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Assisted Polymer Processing Technique. Crystal Growth and Design, 18 (7). pp. 3938-3952. ISSN 1528-7483

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Abstract

The paper presents an in-depth analysis on the crystallization kinetics of Pebax-graphene composites when processed with and without supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (scCO2) assisted extrusion at various graphene loading concentrations. Crystallization behavior was understood using the Avrami model for isothermal conditions and the Avrami, Ozawa, and combined Avrami-Ozawa model for non-isothermal conditions. The results from crystallization kinetics suggest that the crystal structure transformed from two-dimensional to three-dimensional when processed with scCO2. The overall crystallization rate decreases when the composite matrix was processed with scCO2 under both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions promoting possible exfoliation and crystal rearrangement resulting in homogenization of the composite matrix. The Arrhenius and Kissinger's activation energy was calculated, which is indicative of restriction opposed by graphene exfoliation to nucleation and crystal growth when processed with scCO2. Crystallite size was calculated from the X-ray diffraction pattern using Scherrer's equation, where the crystallite size tends to decrease when processed with scCO2 favoring the production of a homogeneous composite matrix due to crystal rearrangement and graphene exfoliation.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Funding Information: This research is supported by Irish Research Council Government of Ireland Scholarship, Science Foundation Ireland Infrastructural Research Grant 2013, and partly by Institute of Technology Postgraduate Award. Publisher Copyright: © Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society.
Uncontrolled Keywords: /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600
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Depositing User: Admin SSL
Date Deposited: 19 Oct 2022 23:01
Last Modified: 11 Aug 2023 22:40
URI: http://repository-testing.wit.ie/id/eprint/3620

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