Targeted nutritional intervention for patients with mild cognitive impairment : The cognitive impairment study (CARES) trial 1

Power, Rebecca and Nolan, John M. and Prado-Cabrero, Alfonso and Coen, Robert and Roche, Warren and Power, Tommy and Howard, Alan N. and Mulcahy, Ríona (2020) Targeted nutritional intervention for patients with mild cognitive impairment : The cognitive impairment study (CARES) trial 1. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 10 (2). ISSN 2075-4426

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Abstract

Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3FAs), carotenoids, and vitamin E are important constituents of a healthy diet. While they are present in brain tissue, studies have shown that these key nutrients are depleted in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in comparison to cognitively healthy individuals. Therefore, it is likely that these individuals will benefit from targeted nutritional intervention, given that poor nutrition is one of the many modifiable risk factors for MCI. Evidence to date suggests that these nutritional compounds can work independently to optimize the neurocognitive environment, primarily due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. To date, however, no interventional studies have examined the potential synergistic effects of a combination of ω-3FAs, carotenoids and vitamin E on the cognitive function of patients with MCI. Individuals with clinically confirmed MCI consumed an ω-3FA plus carotenoid plus vitamin E formulation or placebo for 12 months. Cognitive performance was determined from tasks that assessed global cognition and episodic memory. Ω-3FAs, carotenoids, and vitamin E were measured in blood. Carotenoid concentrations were also measured in tissue (skin and retina). Individuals consuming the active intervention (n = 6; median [IQR] age 73.5 [69.5–80.5] years; 50% female) exhibited statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05, for all) in tissue carotenoid concentrations, and carotenoid and ω-3FA concentrations in blood. Trends in improvements in episodic memory and global cognition were also observed in this group. In contrast, the placebo group (n = 7; median [IQR] 72 (69.5–75.5) years; 89% female) remained unchanged or worsened for all measurements (p > 0.05). Despite a small sample size, this exploratory study is the first of its kind to identify trends in improved cognitive performance in individuals with MCI following supplementation with ω-3FAs, carotenoids, and vitamin E.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Funding Information: This research was funded by the Howard Foundation (Registered UK Charity Number: 285822). The authors thank Michael Kirby (University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland) for his contribution to the consensus panel. The authors also thank Catherine Kelly and Lisa O?Brien (Whitfield Pharmacy, Waterford, Ireland) for the management of the trial supplements and Eurofins Biomnis (Dublin, Ireland) for performing the additional biochemical assessments for the trial. Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by the Howard Foundation (Registered UK Charity Number: 285822). Publisher Copyright: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2701
Departments or Groups:
Depositing User:	Admin SSL
Date Deposited:	19 Oct 2022 23:02
Last Modified:	15 Aug 2023 06:00
URI:	http://repository-testing.wit.ie/id/eprint/3741

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