Experiences of Codeine Use, Misuse and Dependence : Application of Liese and Franz's Cognitive Developmental Model of Substance Abuse

Van Hout, Marie Claire and Norman, Ian and Rich, Eileen and Bergin, Michael (2017) Experiences of Codeine Use, Misuse and Dependence : Application of Liese and Franz's Cognitive Developmental Model of Substance Abuse. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 45 (3). pp. 238-252. ISSN 1352-4658

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Abstract

Background: Misuse of codeine-containing medicines is an emerging public health issue. Aims: We present the application of Liese and Franz's (1996) cognitive developmental model of substance abuse to the trajectory from legitimate codeine use for pain, towards that of therapeutic and other forms of misuse, and physical and psychological dependence. It illustrates a cognitive behavioural analysis of the experiences of codeine misusers-which 'surfaces' the specific beliefs, thoughts, emotions and behaviours of this group of hidden codeine dependent individuals, who are distinct and unique from other opioid-dependent cohorts. Method: In-depth one-to-one interviews with codeine misusers and dependent individuals in Ireland (n = 21) and South Africa (n = 25) are analysed and applied to Liese and Franz's (1996) cognitive developmental model of substance abuse. Results: Misuse and dependence pathways are maintained by the interplay between physiological determinants relating to pain, withdrawal and tolerance, and psychological influences such as therapeutic need, pre-empting of anticipated physical pain, pleasure from the dreamy sedative opiate effect of codeine and relief of emotional distress. Progression towards habitual use and misuse for therapeutic and intoxication purposes appears to be mediated by external environmental triggers pertaining to availability, internal meta-cognitions around physical pain and emotional distress, and increasing importance of codeine in the life of the user. Conclusion: The concept mapping of codeine misuse and dependence presented here could provide psychological therapists working with individuals experiencing problems with codeine, misusing codeine and those with iatrogenic dependence, with an enhanced understanding of the key concepts involved in misuse and recovery pathways.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Publisher Copyright: © 2017 British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3200/3203
Departments or Groups:
Depositing User:	Admin SSL
Date Deposited:	19 Oct 2022 23:07
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2023 19:15
URI:	http://repository-testing.wit.ie/id/eprint/4174

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