Capacity analysis of a peripheral nerve using modulated compound action potential pulses

Donohoe, Michael and Jennings, Brendan and Balasubramaniam, Sasitharan (2019) Capacity analysis of a peripheral nerve using modulated compound action potential pulses. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 67 (1). pp. 154-164. ISSN 0090-6778

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Abstract

Artificial neural stimulation of a peripheral nerve can create an in-body data communications channel. We propose the stimulation of a peripheral nerve using energy-harvesting arrays of nanodevices, embedded in biocompatible tissue patches. The resulting extracellular compound action potential (CAP) pulse can provide a data bit-stream for communicating with an embedded receiver. Our objective is to determine the maximum achievable transmission range of a CAP along a nerve and the maximum sustainable bit rate. We model the generation of a CAP and then compute the reduction in amplitude and the spreading of the pulse with propagation distance. The channel capacity is calculated for ON-OFF keying (OOK) and digital pulse interval modulation. We show that the transmission range depends on the number and diameters of the activated neurons contributing to the CAP amplitude and width. Our modulation analysis demonstrates the effects of attenuation, background noise, the neural refractory period, and pulse broadening on the achievable bit rate. We show how a maximum OOK bit rate of 200 bit/s can be sustained over transmission distances greater than 100 mm. The proposed approach provides a low bit rate, unidirectional asynchronous transmission system that could, for example, deliver simple instructions to an embedded drug-delivery system.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Funding Information: Manuscript received May 11, 2018; revised August 24, 2018; accepted September 11, 2018. Date of publication September 19, 2018; date of current version January 15, 2019. This work is supported by the Academy of Finland Research Fellow Programme under Project No. 284531. It is also partly funded by the Irish Higher Education Authority under the Programme for Research in Third Level Institutions (PRTLI) cycle 5, which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), via the Telecommunications Graduate Initiative, and by Science Foundation Ireland via the CONNECT research centre (grant no. 13/RC/2077). The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was G. Durisi. (Corresponding author: Michael Donohoe.) M. Donohoe and B. Jennings are with the Telecommunications Software and Systems Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, X91 K0E Ireland (e-mail: mdonohoe@tssg.org; bjennings@wit.ie). Publisher Copyright: © 1972-2012 IEEE.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2200/2208
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Depositing User:	Admin SSL
Date Deposited:	19 Oct 2022 23:08
Last Modified:	07 Jun 2023 18:44
URI:	http://repository-testing.wit.ie/id/eprint/4263

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