Nutritional Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease : Potential Benefits of Xanthophyll Carotenoids and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Combined

Nolan, John M. and Mulcahy, Riona and Power, Rebecca and Moran, Rachel and Howard, Alan N. (2018) Nutritional Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease : Potential Benefits of Xanthophyll Carotenoids and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Combined. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 64 (2). pp. 367-378. ISSN 1387-2877

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Abstract

Background: A growing body of scientific evidence suggests that enrichment of certain nutritional compounds in the brain may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective: To investigate the impact of supplemental xanthophyll carotenoids plus omega-3 fatty acids on disease progression in patients with AD. Methods: Three trial experiments were performed. In Trials 1 and 2 (performed on patients with AD over an 18-month period), 12 patients (AD status at baseline: 4 mild and 8 moderate) were supplemented with a xanthophyll carotenoid only formulation (Formulation 1; lutein:meso-zeaxanthin:zeaxanthin 10:10:2mg/day) and 13 patients (AD status at baseline: 2 mild, 10 moderate, and 1 severe) were supplemented with a xanthophyll carotenoid and fish oil combination (Formulation 2; lutein:meso-zeaxanthin:zeaxanthin 10:10:2mg/day plus 1g/day of fish oil containing 430mg docohexaenoic acid [DHA] and 90mg eicopentaenoic acid [EPA]), respectively. In Trial 3, 15 subjects free of AD (the control group) were supplemented for 6 months with Formulation 1. Blood xanthophyll carotenoid response was measured in all trials by HPLC. Omega-3 fatty acids were profiled by direct infusion mass spectrometry. Results: Xanthophyll carotenoid concentration increases were significantly greater for Formulation 2 compared to Formulation 1 (p<0.05), and progression of AD was less for this group (p=0.003), with carers reporting functional benefits in memory, sight, and mood. Conclusion: This preliminary report suggests positive outcomes for patients with AD who consumed a combination of xanthophyll carotenoids plus fish oil, but further study is required to confirm this important observation.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Funding Information: In conclusion, this preliminary report, which is supported by a biologically plausible scientific ratio- CARDS was funded by the Howard Foundation (Registered UK Charity No: 285822). We thank the study participants and their carers for their participation and commitment to the project. We also acknowledge the senior research nurse manager (Maggie Bolger) and research technician (Ekaterina Loskutova) for their work on this project. We would also like to thank Professor Elizabeth Johnson from Tuffs University, USA, for permission to use the dietary L/Z screener for estimating dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin in this study and Albert Koulman and Larissa Richardson from the Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, UK for supporting lipid analysis. We are grateful for the advice from Professor David Thurn-ham (Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, [NICHE], University of Ulster Coleraine UK) during the preparation of our manuscript. We also wish to thank EPAX for providing the omega-3 fatty acids and Industrial Orgánica S.A. for providing the xanthophyll carotenoids used in this trial. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
Uncontrolled Keywords: /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2800
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Depositing User: Admin SSL
Date Deposited: 19 Oct 2022 23:09
Last Modified: 12 Aug 2023 05:20
URI: http://repository-testing.wit.ie/id/eprint/4410

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