(Invited) factors influencing the performance of vanadium flow batteries : Electrodes and electrolytes

Noel Buckley, D. and Bourke, Andrea and Oboroceanu, Daniela and Quill, Nathan and Lenihan, Catherine and Safi, Maria Al Hajji and Miller, Mallory A. and Savinell, Robert F. and Wainright, Jesse S. and Lynch, Robert P. (2020) (Invited) factors influencing the performance of vanadium flow batteries : Electrodes and electrolytes. In: PRiME 2020 : Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers 20 (PEFC and E 20). ECS Transactions (9). IOP Publishing Ltd., USA, pp. 223-239. ISBN 9781607689041

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Abstract

The electrochemical kinetics of the VII-VIII reaction on carbon electrodes is enhanced by anodic treatment and inhibited by cathodic treatment. In contrast, the kinetics of VIV-VV is inhibited by anodic treatment and enhanced by cathodic treatment. Rate constants are greater for VIV-VV than for VII-VIII under comparable conditions. The observed effects are attributed to oxygen-containing species on the surface of carbon electrodes and it is likely that enhancement of both VII-VIII and VIV-VV is due to the same (active) state of the electrode. Oxidation of this active state leads to inhibition of VIV-VV while reduction of the same active state leads to inhibition of VII-VIII. Using our standard methodology, we investigated the thermal stability of VFB catholytes. We showed that the induction time for precipitation of V2O5 decreases exponentially with increasing temperature or VV concentration but increases exponentially with increasing sulphate concentration. Arrhenius plots show two linear regimes, at 45-70 °C and 30-45 °C, respectively. We model this to estimate acceleration factors for testing of electrolyte stability over a range of test and use temperatures. Both arsenate and phosphate are effective additives for improving the thermal stability of VFB catholytes.

Item Type:	Book Section
Additional Information:	Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the continued support of Enterprise Ireland, in particular Commercialisation Fund Grant No. CF 2018 0864 co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under Ireland's European Union Structural and Investment Funds Programme 2014-2020. We also acknowledge support from the U.S. National Science Foundation, Sustainable Energy Pathways Program (NSF-1230236) and the Irish Research Council (IRC). Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the continued support of Enterprise Ireland, in particular Commercialisation Fund Grant No. CF 2018 0864 co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under Ireland’s European Union Structural and Investment Funds Programme 2014-2020. We also acknowledge support from the U.S. National Science Foundation, Sustainable Energy Pathways Program (NSF-1230236) and the Irish Research Council (IRC). Publisher Copyright: © The Electrochemical Society
Uncontrolled Keywords:	/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2200
Departments or Groups:
Depositing User:	Admin SSL
Date Deposited:	19 Oct 2022 23:15
Last Modified:	15 Aug 2023 16:05
URI:	http://repository-testing.wit.ie/id/eprint/4922

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